A PennHIP evaluation results in a confidential report to the owner indicating the dog's Distraction Index (DI). The DI is a measure of passive hip laxity and is expressed as a number between 0.0 and 1.0. (A DI near O.0 would indicate no joint laxity and very tight hips. A DI closer to 1.0 would indicate a high degree of laxity and very loose hips.) Joint laxity (looseness) the primary cause of degenerative joint disease. Notably, dogs with a DI of 0.3 have tighter hips and are less likely to develop DJD, while those with looser hips whose DI values approach 0.7 or more are at greater risk. Each PennHip report not only identifies the DI for each of your dog's hips but also includes findings as related to DJD, Cavitation, and "Other". (Also, please see the notation under this certificate.)

The Distraction Index (DI) rating associated with each of your dog's hips is the most important information. The percentile chart (indicated on the bottom of the PennHip certificate) only indicates where your dog was rated based on the number of same breed dogs already evaluated. Therefore, as more and more GSD's are evaluated, the percentile number will change but the DI stays constant.
Hugo's hips were evaluated in 2001, therefore, where he rates on the above chart is fairly accurate as of today, however, that will eventually change. The important factor is his DI rating, which is excellent, and the fact that no other hip related problems are present.
Diana L. Updike
email: vontasz@yahoo.com